MARKET SQUARE BUSINESSES AND RESIDENTS

1859 - 1992

compiled by Ronald R. Allen

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With all the recent publicity about this single block in downtown Knoxville, it may be of interest to some to take a brief look at some of the businesses (and in earlier times, residents) that have been located on Market Square over the years.

The recently completed extensive work on the Square actually represents the third such "renovation" in relatively modern times, albeit neither of the previous two renovations came anywhere close to the investment of the millions of taxpayer dollars that were spent in the current attempt at revitalization. It still remains to be seen if Market Square will ever even remotely again become the place of daily activity again, as it was in the past. But it seems safe to assume that there will be never again be anything resembling the number and variety of restaurants, theaters, and retail businesses that once filled Market Square. The one-time daily buzz of a busy square, when many people came to the downtown area at least once a week - and sometimes more often - is obviously a thing of the past. The future success of the Square, on a continuous basis, will probably primarily be dependent on those who work in the downtown area, plus the relatively small percentage of folks who will be living in the downtown area.

In a number of instances, while the street numbers of businesses located on the Square have generally not been changed over the years, apparently in some years a single address was slightly changed, such as changing a single location to another number, and the addition of half numbers or letters ( i.e., by including "1/2" between the original numbers, or adding the letter "A" to what perhaps was another - or an additional - entrance, or the upstairs portion of a building.) Also, larger firms sometimes occupied more than one address, thus while the southwest corner once became the Soup Kitchen, at Number One, Peter Kern's bakery and ice cream parlor occupied both numbers One through Three, when the new building was originally built at the site. The reader should also review the adjoining numbers in this compilation, to determine which businesses actually occupied specific locations, bearing in mind that the even numbers are on the west side and odd numbers are on the east side.

The initial listings here are for the year 1859, when Market Square was in its infancy, known then as the Market Space, when only a handful of businesses and residents were on the Square. At that time, and also in the year 1869, locations on Market Square apparently were not numbered, and occupants are listed in city directories only as being located on either the east or west side of the Square (although, in some instances, even that information is unknown.) For that matter, even though location numbers apparently had been assigned in 1876, that year's city directory almost never identifies residents or businesses on the Square by number. This compilation was further complicated due to the fact that those same early directories contain no separate street listings that identify residents and businesses. For those years, it was necessary to methodically review the entire alphabetical listings in each of those directories, in order to compile lists of places and people who were located on Market Square during those years.

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MARKET SQUARE IN 1859

In 1859, Market Square was called the Market Space. As today, the block extended north from Union, but what today is Wall Street was called Market Street at that time. The known businesses and residents located in the block at that time were the following :

BROWN AND COMPANY, groceries. Operated by Robert Brown and L. Story. The city directory describes the location as being at the "Southeast corner of Union and Prince", which actually means that this grocery store was on the opposite corner from the Square, where a portion of Krutch Park is now located, but since relatively few 1859 businesses are listed on Market Square in 1859, I have also included this firm here.

ALBERT S. HUDIBURG, groceries and produce. Located on the west side of the Market Space.

JOHN JONES LUMBER YARD. Located at the corner of Market Space and Market (Wall). (Not known whether this was on the east or west side of Market Space.)

PETER R. KNOTT BOWLING SALOON. Located on the east side of the Market Space.

JOHN TRACY. A laborer, whose residence is shown as the west side of Market Space in 1859.

PATRICK TRACY'S SALOON. Located on the west side of the Market Space, "between Market and Crooked".

MARKET SQUARE IN 1869

By 1869, this was no longer called Market Space, but by then was called Market Square. The name of the street at the northern end of the Square - - originally Market - - today Wall Avenue - - had been renamed Asylum Street in 1869. To the south, the street was called Prince, not Market.

Businesses and residents on Market Square in 1869 were as follows : CHARLES AURIN, CARPENTER. Residence, Market Square (upstairs)

W. J. BETTERTON & BRO. LIQUOR, TOBACCO DEALERS. Corner, Market Square and Asylum. (W. J. Betterson's residence was upstairs at this Market Square store)

THOMAS A. BURRIER, LOCK AND GUNSMITH SHOP. West side Market Square, opposite City Hall.

JOHN CULLINAN, GROCER. West side Market Square.

JOHN F. DAHL. PAINTER. Residence, west side Market Square.

ALEX DAVIS, PROVISION STORE. East side Market Square.

JOHN DREW. Residence, west side Market Square.

WILLIAM DURGER. BLACKSMITH. Residence, west side Market Square, near Asylum.

BEN FRANKLIN, SHOE MAKER. West side Market Square.

P. H. GRISHAM, GROCERIES AND PRODUCE. West side Market Square, near Asylum. (Grisham's residence was at the same address)

H. C. GUNDLACH, LIQUORS AND GROCERIES. East side Market Square.

HUDIBURG AND COOPER. DRY GOODS. Northwest corner, Union and Market Square. ( A. S. Hudiburg residence at the same address.)

G. W MINTON,. PROVISION STORE. West side market Square, near Asylum.

J. D. STEELE, Residence, Market Square.

SWAN AND BAKER. GROCERIES AND FRY GOODS. Market Square.

P. H. TIERNEY, GROCER AND MARBLE CUTTER. West side Market Square.

JAMES L. TURNER. SALOON. West side Market Square.

WALLING AND WINTERS. PROVISION MERCHANTS. West side Market Square.

WILLIAM H. WATERFORD. SHOE MAKER. (colored) West side Market Square.

W. W. WEBSTER, Boards at west side Market, corner Asylum.

MARKET SQUARE IN 1876

In 1876, there were forty-two businesses and private residents on Market Square. They were the following :

West Side businesses

Peter Kern. Bakery, ice cream parlor. ( In the Odd Fellows Building)

Baumann and Wallace, Grocers, Odd Fellows Building.

Smith and Boundrand, butter, eggs and poultry, West Side Market Square

Dallas and O'Conner, Dressmakers, West Side Market Square,

William H. Bolen, Dry Goods, West Side Market Square

William E. Goodlin, Grocers, West Side Market Square

R. T. Miller, Grocer, Grocer, West Side Market Square

J. L. Turner, Grocers, West Side Market Square

George L. Powell, Groceries and Dry Goods, West Side Market Square

Smith and Boundrant, Groceries and Dry Goods, West Side Market Square

Thomas A. Burrier, Guns, Locksmith, West Side Market Square

James Lancaster, Jeweler, West Side Market Square

J. F. Horne & Bros, Wholesale Liquors, West Side Market Square

Dallas and O' Conner, Millinery and Fancy Goods, West Side Market Square A. L, Lancaster, Painter, West Side Market Square

Levi Woods, Physician, West Side Market Square

William M. Matthews Saloon, West Side Market Square

John Lynch, Saloon, West Side Market Square

East Side businesses

John B. Ricardi, Baker. East side, below Asylum.

Alexander and Lotspeich, Dress Makers, East Side market between Union and Asylum

Mrs Fannie Marley, Dressmaker, East Side Market Square

Albers & Company, Druggists, East Side Market Square

Nathanial E. Bacharach, Dry Goods, 27 East Side Market Square

R, M. Staples, Groceries and Dry Goods, 25 Market Square

Edington and Kennedy, Dry Goods, East Side Market Square

Edwin n. Parham, Dry Goods, East Side Market Square

Fanz & Jones, Grocers, East Side Market Square

Chapman and Bolli, Grocers, NE Market Square, corner Union

H. Goodman, Grocer, East Side Market Square

J. H. Hudiburg, Grocer, East Side Market Square

Edward Locke Co. Grocer, East Side Market Square

Strong Bros., Grocers, East Side Market Square, opposite City Hall.

J. S. and N. R. Hall, Groceries and Dry Goods, East Side Marker Square, below Asylum

McBath Bros., Groceries and Dry Goods, East Side market Square, below Asylum

Whig and Chronicle Publishing Company, East Side Market Square

( Not known if following were on East or West side of Square in 1876 )

Mrs. L. Hall Boarding House, Market Square

A. S. Kirtland, Butter, eggs and poultry, corner Market Square and Union.

Mrs. M. M. Reeder, Dressmaker, Market Square

Private residents on Market Square in 1876

Carleton M. Elliott. Compositor, Whig and Chronicle, residence West Side Market Square.

Huston Hall, clerk Peter Kerns. Resides Market Square.

John F. Horne, resides West Side Market Square (his liquor store was at same location)

Peter Kern, (same residence address as Peter Kern Bakery and Ice Cream Parlor)

MARKET SQUARE IN 1884

A long single story building had been located in the center of the square for years, later to be replaced by a more modern multi-story Market House in 1897. In 1884, there were forty businesses on Market Square, in addition to eleven full-time vendors at the Market House (called then the City Market). In addition, fifty private residents were then living on Market Square.

Businesses

1 & 3 Peter Kern candy manufacturer ; fire works ; oysters, fish and game

2 S. W. Hall & Co., Groceries

4 McMillan and Treadwell, Dry Goods

5 Hyman Soloman, Saloon

6 Meadows and Hodges, Groceries J. Fanz, Meat Market

7 Horne Bros. & Co. Drug Store

8 G. H. Sooy, Groceries

10 Miss S. Henry, Bonnet Bleachers J. L. Hudiburg, Groceries

11 William Miller, Groceries

12 Mrs. F. M. Marley, Dress Maker Mrs. Martha G. Roady, Millinery ; Caldwell and Selden, Groceries ; Shoemaker and Caldwell, Groceries". Both of these firms are listed at Number 12 in the 1884 city directory, but apparently either Selden replaced Shoemaker, or vice verse, sometime in 1884. Possibly it was Selden, who is also listed with the vegetable and fruit market, at the City Market, (Market House) in the 1884 city directory.

14 G. W. Albers, Drug Store

15 M. Cullinan, Saloon J. M. Lancaster, Watches, Jewelry, Clocks

16 S. W. Flenniken, Dry Goods

17 R. C. Miller, Groceries

18 L. Havey, Stoves and Tinware

19 Pendleton Shropshire, Auctioneer

20 J. S. and N. R. Hall, Dry Goods

21 Bondurant and Ristine, Groceries

22 Gossett, Ford & Bro. Boots and Shoes; Hats and Caps

23 Atkins and Marlin, House Furnishings ; Stoves and Tinware

24 A. N. Strong Wholesale Dry Goods

25 Orrin D. Lloyd, Hardware B. C. Wheeler & Co. Hardware

26 A. L. Young, Dry Goods

27 Thomas P. McDaniel & Co., Dry Goods, Groceries

28 A. J, Kennedy, General Store

29 G. L. Powell, Dry Goods, Groceries

30 J. Anderson, Groceries

34 J. H. Cruze, Hardware

32 Mrs. M. Tinsley, boarding house James Adams, Groceries

33 W. B. Fenton, Monuments

35 T. A. Burrier, Lock and Gunsmith

37 J. F. Horne & Bros., Liquors

Market House businesses ( still called the 'City Market' in the 1884 directory. )

J. F. Everett, Meat Market

R. H. Everett, Meat Market

W. C. Frazer, Meat Market

Granville Frazer, Vegetables, etc.

Haynes and Waltz, Meat Market

Hilton & Co., Meat Market

J. B. Madden, Meat Market

Metzler and Zeigler, Meat Market

F. C. Selden and J. A. Bowman, vegetable and fruit market

B. F. Smith & Co. Meat Market

J. Staub, Meat Market

Jesse A. White, fruits and vegetables

Market Square Residents in 1884

4 John A. McMillen (McMillen & Treadwell dry goods was at same address) Emma Anderson Granville Bell Samuel G. Bell William Y. Hill John Lynch

6 Albert Herzog (Herzog was a butcher for J. Fanz Meat Market, at the same address)

7 Nancy Brown John Gallavan John Galyear Jacob Newman

8 Mary Cooper

9 Herman Mutz Wendolin Nuss

12 Mrs. Martha G. Roady (she was in business as a dressmaker at this same address) reston D. Roady

13 William L. Parham ( W. L. and T. S. Parham groceries at this address)

15 Esther Staples

17 Alphonse Lanahan

22 Isaiah Ford

25 Edward Hatcher James Hatcher John Holliday Samuel H. Redden

27 William M. Bell Frank Ford Joseph Ford Robert Parker Elizabeth A. Ray Mary Ray John Rotach

29 Robert C. Bell William A. Harrison Elisha C. Hill Robert P. Hill John E. Russell William T. Sterling William C. Wallace John D. West

32 Mrs. Jennie Hunt Joseph Ogletree Mrs. Mary Tinsley

32 Haley P. Provence

33 Thomas S. Parham

35 John Burchell John B. Profitt

37 John F. Horn (Horn Bros. Liquors at same address)

Wiley W. Harbison ("boards Market Square" - no address shown)

Frank Preston ("boards Market Square" - no address shown)

Griffin F. Stansill ("boards Market Square" - no address shown)

MARKET SQUARE IN 1901 / 1902

This includes the businesses that were on Market Square in 1901 and those who were in the Market House in 1902 (The 1901 city directory does not contain a separate listing for the Market House, but those businesses are included in the 1902 directory). Obviously, the block was in its heyday at that time, with a total of eighty-three businesses - - forty on the Square, and forty-three in the Market House. By this time, apparently there were no longer any private residents living on Market Square.

Businesses

1-3 Peter Kern

2 Harbison's Shoe Store

4 Jim Anderson Company

5 J. N. Betterton Co. wholesale liquors

6 Carpenter & Co. hardware

7 G. H. Mankel saloon

8 Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company (A & P)

9 Ignaz Fanz meat market ; Brown and Company (colored) Barbers

9 Davis and Daniels boarding

10 C. D. Kenney Co. Coffee mfg.

10 D. W. Waitman boarding ; John Yule, fruits and vegetables

11 John Lichtenwanger grocer

12 N. R. Hall dry goods

12 Mrs P. A. Roady millinery (residence also at this address)

13 vacant

14 G. W. Albers drugs

15 Michael Cullinan saloon

16 J. S. Hall & Co. Clothing

17 William Miller grocer

17 Mrs. M. J. Miller boarding

18-20 Biddle and Moulden dry goods

19 W. W. Dew harness maker

19 W. W. Dew boarding

21 Farmers and Traders Saloon

22 G. G. McCulley shoes

24 McBee Trading Company dry goods

25 G. R. Williams stoves

26 A. L. Young dry goods

27 Market Square Furniture Co.

28 Cash and Dufour dry goods

29 Kaiser Bros. wholesale fruits

30 Dick, McMillan & Co. grocers

31-33 Howard Karnes harness maker

32 Borches & Company grocers

34 McMilland and Treadwell dry goods

35 T. A. Burrier machinist ; Knoxville Sewing Machine Co.

36 Hale, Hicks & Co.

37 J. F. Horne wholesale liquors

Market House Businesses in 1901 / 1902

1. Cary Brothers meats

2 H. L. Johnson meats

3 Ignaz Fanz meats

4 R. M. Shoemaker meats

5 J. P. Bearden meats

6 Kirby and Haynes meats

7 Atkinson and Jett meats

8 Coulter Brothers huckster

9-10 J. P. Swaggerty meats

11 W.M. Moxley huckster

12 Swan Brothers bakers

15-16 A. Wells & Company meats

17-18 T. O. Spessard baker

19 W. E. Snipe huckster

20 H. J. Underwood milk

21 A. A. Butler meats

22 Mrs. M. E. Haynes meats

23-24 Miller and Irwin meats

25-26 J. A. Bowman and Company grocers

29 W. M. Reed fish

30 J. A. Bowman & Company fish

31-32 A. A. Butler meats

33 J. A. Gray huckster

34 J. W. Wilson meats

35 R. L. Warwick huckster

36 A. L. Butcher huckster

37 Plemens and Warwick huckster

38 - 39 R. L. Russell meats

40 B. A. Parker fruits

41 Burnett and Adcock huckster

42 Thornton and Renfroe huckster

43 J. B. Hawkins huckster

44 C. A. Collins huckster

45 T. F. Roark huckster

46-47 J. M. Hatcher & Brother huckster

48 B. F. Flenniken huckster

49 J. C. Schneider meats

50-51 T. D. Smith and Company meats

52 Henry Young meats

53 vacant

54 Paul Juray meats

55 G. H. French meats

56 Louis Lippner meats

57 Woman's Exchange

MARKET SQUARE IN 1948

I have skipped nearly a half century here, from 1901/1902 to 1948. During that period, names sometimes changed, but the overall numbers on the Square had remained about the same. In 1948, there were forty-two businesses on Market Square, plus thirty in the Market House. Thus, there were a total of seventy-two businesses on Market Square that year, or only eleven less than had been on Market Square nearly a half century earlier.

West side, north to south

37 Gold Sun Café.

35 Cas Walker Groceries.

33 Market Square Lunch

33 Bill and Sonny's Smoke Shop

31 Crystal Theater

29 Hub Dept. Store

27 Square Supply Co. hardware

25 Easy Way Five, Ten, Twenty-Five Cent Store

23 Holston Hardware and Supply Co.

21 Chicago Meat Market

19 Collins Detective Agency : Gertrude's Beauty Shop

19-A. Hole in the Wall Cigar Store

19 Hopson Bros. Dept. Store (previously this had been site of the Rialto movie theater.)

17 Market Clearing House hardware

15 Snyder's Dept. Store ; TVA (mail room)

13 Norman's Shoe Store

13 Langsdon's dry goods

11 Ira A. Watson dept store.

9 Farm and Home Store

7 Emery Stores 5c to 1.00

5 White Store

3 Southern Credit Jewelers

1 Cole Drug Store

East Side, South to North

2-6 Miller's Annex ; rear - Miller's Shoe Repair Shop

8 The Vogue ladies clothing

10 Neubert Clothing Co.

10 Marilyn Slipper Shop

12 Ames Apparel ladies clothing

14 Fox Stores dry goods

16 Lane Rexall Drug Store

18-20 Deitch Bros. Dept. Store.

22 Glen-More Clothing

24 Ben Franklin Dept. Store

26 Corkland's Record Shop ; Corkland's Style Center dept store

28 Good-Friends Shop ladies clothing

30 Dan Cohen Co. shoes

32 Kinney Shoes

34 Underwood Clothing Co.

34 Peters Shoe Store

36 Bower's Inc.

Market House (street level), North to South

57 Mrs N.D. Ailor popcorn

53-56 Lyle's lunch house

51 Model Meat Market

52 Cawood's Meat Market

49 Scalf's Meat Market

50 Sonny's Meat Market

47-48 Luttrell's Sandwich Shop

44-46 McNutt's Florist

42-43 Parker's Market vegetables

40-41 Land's Sandwich Shop

37-39 Chandler's Florist

36 D.F. Rightsell vegetables

33-35 Williams Sandwich Shop

31-32 Maxey's Meat Market

29-30 City Fish Market

28 W. E. Bradley Groceries

25-27 Lippner Fish Market

24 Bell Meat and Fish Market

23 Palace Fish Market

21-22 Riverside Turkey Farm.

19-20 Harry Lippner Meat Market

16-18 H. B. Jones vegetables

13-15 Dantzler Coffee Co. groceries

11-12 Kerns' Bakery branch

8-9-10 R.H. Clapp Eating House

7 Market Grocery

6 Ward and Andrews meats

5 Claude Dykes meats

2-4 J. G. Madden meats

1 Nash and Dykes meats

MARKET SQUARE IN 1970

By 1970, the Market House was long gone. The structure had been damaged by fire, but it had not been destroyed. Unfortunately, the decision was made to demolish the building, and it had disappeared from the downtown scene.. There were actually three more businesses on the square this year than had been there twenty-five years earlier (thirty businesses, compared with twenty-seven in 1948 - - albeit three of those businesses were located at the same address in 1970). The businesses on Market Square in 1970 were the following :

East Side, South to North, from Union to Wall

2 - 6 Millers, Market Square store

8 The Vogue (ladies clothing)

10 Ayers Clothing Company

10 Mavis Shoe Company

14 Buddy Dale Shop (millinery)

16 Bower's Cloth World

10 The Charm Shop

22 Oscar's Place

24 (vacant)

24 Hopes Florist

26 Mavis Shoe Company

28 Jilly's Ladies Clothing

30 Martin's Shoes

32 Kinney's Shoes

34 Hood's Bootery

34 Famous Brand Shoes

West Side, south to north, Union to Wall

1. Freeway National Drugs

3 Ken and Mack's Meat Market

3 The Coffee Shop

5-7 White Store (groceries)

9 Woody's Market (groceries)

11-17 Watson's Department Store

13 Glen-More Clothing

19-21 Eagles 5c and 10c Store

23 GAC Finance Corp

25 Quality Meat Market ; Fruit Basket ; The Mall Grill

27 Mall Package Store

29 (vacant)

31 Star Bar (beer parlor)

33-35 (vacant)

37 Gold Sun Cafe

MARKET SQUARE IN 1992

The following list includes businesses that were located on the street level of Market Square in 1992. The number had dwindled from thirty to eighteen. That year, ten of the businesses in operation on the Square ( more than half the total ) were eating establishments.

1. Soup Kitchen

2 Tom and Jason's Market-Deli

4 Uptown Cafe and Bakery

5 Blakely Cafe

6 Studio M Advertising

8 Village Cleaners

11 Watson's

12 Flying Tomato

14 Woody's Market

22 Direct Jewelry Shoppe

24 Raphael and Sandy's Deli and Cafe

25 Radio Shack

27 Mall Package Store

29 Perry's On the Square Restaurant-Deli

32 Cash Loans

34 TVA Engineering Association

35 Golden Palace Oriental Restaurant

37 Peroulas Restaurant

MARKET SQUARE IN 2002

By 2002, the number of businesses on Market Square had continued to shrink, the number having been reduced from eighteen to nine in a ten year period. Only two businesses from 1992 were still in business . The Flying Tomato was still at Number 12, the name now changed to the Tomato Head. The Soup Kitchen was still at the corner of Union. A restaurant also continued at the corner of Wall, Gus' restaurant, having removed from its previous Gay street location. Only seven other businesses were on the Square in 2002, none of which had been there ten years earlier. Those were the following : Reruns, Theater Central, Subway Sandwich Shop, Susan Key Antiques, Engineering Associates, and Harb Imageware.

MARKET SQUARE TODAY

The above was written in 2002. Since then, the number of businesses on Market Square has increased to approximately the same number in existence in 1992, with about nineteen businesses now in operation on the square, according to the city's current Internet site (April, 2009) Two or three of the businesses that were on the Square in 2002 are still around, and a number of others are now in operation. The marijuana scandal notwithstanding, Market Square seems to finally be on an upswing, although retail establishments that once dotted the landscape will unlikely ever again be prominent there, where primarily eateries and drinking establishments will henceforth be the attraction in this section of the downtown area, where various public entertainments and events are becoming more commonplace each year.

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